Coplanar Gap C_GAP

Symbol :

Illustration :

Parameters :

L1 = Length of transmission line connected to the port 1.
L2 = Length of transmission line connected to the port 2.
GAP = Gap spacing
C_LTYP1 = ID of coplanar transmission line applied at port 1
C_LTYP2 = ID of coplanar transmission line applied at port 2
C_SUB = ID of coplanar substrate definition
C_GRID = ID of simulation control data
TEMP = ID of element temperature definition used for noise computation

Range of Usage :

GAP = 0.5.n.DL* n=1,2,3,...
* ) see C_GRID for information on DL

Notes/Equations/References :

The C_GAP module represents a gap between the center conductors of two coplanar lines. The dimensions of lines connected to the gap are defined using data items addressed by C_ LTYP1 and C_TYP2. GAP is the spacing between the lines. L1 and L2 are the lengths of connected coplanar lines at ports.



A negative value for L1 or L2 can be meaningful during the simulation. In such cases, the automated layout generation works incorrectly and the generated layout has to be edited manually.



C_LTYP1 and C_LTYP2 must have the same CEN_MET.



The difference between the center line widths (W2-W1) has to be an integer multiple of DL. Otherwise the simulator will shift the line at port 1 by a half of grid size (DL/2). In this case the gap will become asymmetrical and the user get the message: “(W2-W1)/DL no integer ® asymmetrical gap”. Please not that this change is not considered by layout generation. The layout of a gap is always symmetrical.



If W1+2S1+2GW1 ¹ W2+2S2+2GW2, there could be an step in the outer contour of the ground strips. In this case, the ground width of the line with smaller value of W+2S+2GW is increased (see layout), so that there is no step in the outer contour of ground planes. This change is considered by the simulation and layout generation.



If W1<W2 and W1+2S1>W2+2S2 (or W2>W1 and W1+2S1<W2+2S2), the step in the inner contour of ground planes is shifted by GAP (see layout). This change is considered by the simulation and layout generation.



If L1 and L2 in selected C_GRID are not set to –1 or –2 (auto sizing), the minimum values for L1 and L2 are:



L1_min=max( W1+2*S1+2*GW1, W2+2*S2+2*GW2)

L2_min=8*DL{C_GRID}+GAP



See notations in chapter 4 (Important Note!) for the correct selection of the C_LTYP1, C_LTYP2.

Equivalent Circuit :

For the modeling of the C_GAP element, a p-network of equivalent capacitances is used. The value of these capacitances is derived from electric charge calculations. The connected line at ports are modeled as C_LIN elements and are represented by their characteristic impedance Z_L and phase constant b. There is no limitation due to the length of connected line (L)

Layout :

If W1+2S1+2GW1 ¹ W2+2S2+2GW2, the ground width of the line with smaller value of W+2S+2GW is changed (no step in the outer contour of ground planes).



If W1+2S1 > W2+2S2, the step in the ground planes is shifted by GAP.



For L1=L2=0 only the ground planes in the gap section are drawn as layout.



If the parameter GW_DEF in C_PROCES is set to a positive non-zero value, this value is used as ground width for layout generation.